Comparative case-control study of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels in patients with epilepsy.

INTRODUCTION Increased blood homocysteine levels are a known cardiovascular risk factor. Epileptic patients on long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs may present higher homocysteine levels and, consequently, a potential increase in cardiovascular risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted an observational case-control study to compare plasma levels of homocysteine, folic acid, and vitamin B12. RESULTS Our study included a total of 88 subjects: 52 patients with epilepsy and 36 controls. Epileptic patients showed higher homocysteine levels (P=.084) and lower levels of folic acid (P<.05). CONCLUSION Homocysteine levels should be monitored in epileptic patients on long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs. We suggest starting specific treatment in patients with high homocysteine levels.